Git commands real time explanation | Git commands for beginners | git commands for software engineers

 Git Commands :

1. git config : This git command will set the name and email to be used with your commits.

Command Syntax : 

• git config --global user.name "name"
• git config --global user.email "email"

Example: 

• git config --global user.name "shyamprasad"
• git config --global user.name "shyamprasad@abc.com"

2. git init : This git command will be used to create the new repository in your machine.

Command Syntax : 

• git init "repository name"

Example:

• git init SampleAppDemo

3. git clone : It is used to clone an existing repository using URL.

Command Syntax :

• git clone "URL"

Example :

• git clone https://github.com/shyam/example.git

4. git add  : It is used to add the newly created files or modified files to staging area.

Command Syntax :

• git add "filename"

Example :

• git add test.js

5. git commit : It is used to commit the files from staging area to main repository.

Command Syntax :

• git commit -m "commit message"

Example :

• git commit -m "print statements are added to check logs"

6. git diff : It is used to know the file differences which are not staged.

Command Syntax :

• git diff 

Example :

• git diff

To know the difference between files in staging area and previous version.

• git diff  - staged

To know the difference between two branches.

• git diff  firstbranchname secondbranchname

7. git reset : It is used to unstage the files but preserves the file contents.

Command Syntax :

• git reset "filename"

Example :

• git reset file1.js

This command undo all the commits after the specified commit and preserves the changes locally.

•  git reset "commit id"

This command discards all history and goes back to the specified commit.

• git reset --hard [commit id]  

8. git status: This command is used to lists all the files that needs to be committed.

Command Syntax :

• git status

Example :

• git status

9. git rm : This command is used to deletes the file from your working directory and stages the deletion.

Command Syntax :

• git rm "filename"

Example :

• git rm test1.js

10. git log : This command is used to list the version history for the current branch.

Command Syntax :

• git log

Example :

• git log

With multiple params: 

•  git log -follow "filename"

11. git show : This command shows the metadata and content changes of the specified commit.

Command Syntax :

• git show "commit id"

Example :

• git show hhd7887474fgdfgdfgewrtrtrttvsdfc

12. git branch : This command is used to lists all the local branches in the current repository.

Command Syntax :

• git branch 

Example :

• git branch

One more we have : git branch "branchname"

13. git checkout : It is used to checkout the branch to our local repository.

Command Syntax :

• git checkout "branchname"

Example :

• git checkout SampleAppDemo

One more we have : This command creates a new branch and also switches to it.

• git checkout -b "branchname"

14. git merge : This command merges the specified branch’s history into the current branch.

Command Syntax :

• git merge "branchname"

Example :

• git merge demo1

15. git remote : This command is used to connect your local repository to the remote server.

Command Syntax :

• git remote add "variablename" "remote server link"

Example :

• git remote add origin https://github.com/shyam/example.git

16. git push : This command sends the committed changes of master branch to your remote repository.

Command Syntax :

• git push "variablename" master
• git push "variablename" branchname        
• git push  -all"variablename"

Example :

• git push origin master
• git push origin test1demo

17. git pull : This command fetches and merges changes on the remote server to your working directory.

Command Syntax :

• git pull "Repo link"

Example :

• git pull https://github.com/shyam/example.git

18. git stash : This command temporarily stores all the modified tracked files.

Command Syntax :

• git stash save

Example :

• git pull https://github.com/shyam/example.git

git stash pop : This command restores the most recently stashed files.

git stash list : This command lists all stashed changesets.

git stash drop : This command discards the most recently stashed changeset.